Textiles+-+Fabrics

toc =Introduction to fabrics = =Fabric construction = Examples of different weaves in which the number of weft yarns are intertwined at different intervals, to not only produce different patterns, but to also add strength to delicate yarns and patterns (e.g. wool, tweed and tartan).
 * Woven **
 * Woven fabric ** is made on a ** loom, **whether by hand or by machine, it is the interlacing of yarns at right angles to each other with the **warp** yarns (US - Lengthwise) running down the length and the **weft** yarns (US - Crosswise) running across the fabric . The warp yarns are also known as the **grain** of the fabric as they run through the length of the fabric as it is woven. The edge of the fabric where the weft yarns are wrapped around the final warp yarn to form the next row is known as the **selvedge.** To find the **bias** of a fabric lay a ruler at 45 degrees to the selvedge of the fabric. The bias allows for an element on natural stretch and flowing draping in an other wise non-stretchy fabric.
 * Plain weave: **
 * Twill weave:**


 * Satin weave:**
 * Pile weave:**
 * Jacquard:**

**Fabric finishes** Understanding fabric finishes is important as this will determine the choice of fabric for your project, fabric finishes change and enhance the appearance and /or the properties of a fabric. The main type of finishes and their properties are listed in the table below in order to guide you with your fabric choices for your textile projects, the information link will provide more in depth knowledge from the internet. **Fabric choices** The following table is a guide to help you with your fabric choices. It gives you some common fabric names and identifies their properties, the information link will lead you to more in depth details from the internet. Remember **fabric** **content** is not necessarily the **fabric name**. Cotton shirting Calico Chambray Lawn Gingham ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   || Velveteen Velour ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   || Wool blend 100% synthetic fibres* acrylic, polyester, rayon
 * Non-Woven **
 * Felted fabrics:**
 * Bonded fabrics:**
 * Laminated fabrics:**
 * Micro-encapsulation:**
 * Knitted **
 * Weft-knitted fabrics:**
 * Warp-knitted fabrics:**
 * **Type of finish** || **Image** || **Description of finish** || **Change made to fabric** || **Information link:** ||
 * **Mechanical** ||
 * Brushing ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Embossing ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Calendering ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Pressing ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Shrinkage ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * **Chemical** ||
 * Water repellent ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Stain-resistant ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Crease-resistant ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Flame-resistant ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Shrink-resistant ||  ||   ||   ||   ||
 * **Biological** ||
 * **Coated** ||
 * **Coated** ||
 * **Fabric name** || **Image** || **Fibre content** || **Key properties** || **Suitable product** || **Information link:** ||
 * Denim ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Satin ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Arctic/Polar fleece ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Corduroy ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Tweed ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Plain weaves:
 * Lycra ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Ripstop ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Velvet
 * Drill ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Knitted jersey ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Felt || [[image:https://americanfeltandcraft.files.wordpress.com/2009/05/felttypes2.jpg?w=300&h=247 width="150" height="122"]] || 100% wool

*often recycled fibres || Non-woven fabric. Does not fray. Can be shaped with heat. Warm and insulating. Can pill easily. Is weaker when wet. || Hats, jackets, coats, toys and craft products, motifs and interfacing. || americanfeltandcraft || =Fabric Specification =

=Links = @http://sewing.about.com/od/beginner1/p/fabricgrain.htm @http://www.textileschool.com/articles/414/woven-fabric-patterns @http://textilebd-fabric.blogspot.hk/2011/05/weaves-and-their-characteristics.html

