Textiles+-+Materials+&+Components

toc = Introduction = Textiles technology is about using // **yarns** // (spun fibres) and making them into fabrics, adding colours and making finished textile products. This unit will introduce you to the different sources of fibres, how the different yarns are produced and how these are then used to manufacture different fabrics.

//**Fibres**// are the raw materials of textiles, they are hair like chemical structures known as //**polymers,**// which are formed into single molecule units called monomers, linked together to form chains. These polymers can be found naturally, and produced synthetically there are two types of fibres, long continuous //**filaments**// and short //**staple**// fibres. Fibres have different thicknesses and this in turn determines the property and the performance of a fabric. Fibres are divided into three main classifications, natural fibres, synthetic fibres, and man-made or regenerated fibres. = Natural fibres = Aesthetic, functional and structural composition, working characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the following fibres in the design and production of textile yarns, fabrics and products: = Natural polymers = Aesthetic, functional and structural properties, working characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the following natural polymers in the design and production of textile yarns, fabrics and products: = Synthetic polymers = Aesthetic, functional and structural properties, working characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the following synthetic polymers in the design and production of textile yarns, fabrics and products: = Yarns = Aesthetic, functional and structural properties, working characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the following yarns in the design and production of textile fabrics and products: media type="custom" key="24721328" = Fabrics = Aesthetic, functional and structural properties, hand/machine processes, working characteristics and advantages/disadvantages of the following fabrics in the design and production of textile products, including disposable items, garments, accessories, household items, toys, industrial and medical textiles: Great app for choosing fibres and fabrics - raw materials and the ecological effects of these choices for our products. This new app available for you to download for free onto your iPhones available on the App Store - use "Nike" as your search term. Sorry not available for Android. media type="custom" key="25061726" = Modern and smart materials = Structural composition, definitions, applications and advantages/disadvantages of the following modern and smart materials used in the production of textile products. = Recycled and reuse of textiles = Ethical, social and environmental reasons for recycling and reusing textiles. Structural composition, definitions, applications and advantages/disadvantages of the following recycled and reused materials used in the production of textile products. = Properties of textiles = Different fibres have different **properties** or **characteristics**. The properties of fibres are enhanced when spun into yarns and, enhanced further when made into fabric, which inturn makes them suitable for different uses and functionality. = Testing Fabrics = In the textiles industry as in other industries, products are tested at each stage of production and that includes the testing of fibres, yarns and fabrics, to ensure that they meet their set specifications. Test carried out include: = References & Links =
 * For GCSE Textiles technology - Materials & Components ** Students will need to learn about, understand and apply the following: **Natural fibres**
 * Animal **
 * wool
 * silk
 * Vegetable**
 * cotton
 * linen
 * Regenerated cellulosic**
 * viscose
 * acetate
 * Tencel ®
 * rayon
 * polyester
 * acrylic
 * polyamide (nylon)
 * elastane (Lycra ® )
 * spun-staple, filament, ply
 * fibre blends and mixtures in yarns
 * textured and bulked yarns
 * Student Research: **
 * Woven**
 * warp, weft,selvedge, bias
 * plain - calico, muslin, taffeta, voile
 * twill - denim twill, herringbone, tweed, gabardine
 * satin and sateen, jacquard
 * pile (velvet, corduroy, terry towelling)
 * Non-woven**
 * felted fabric - wool, needle
 * bonded webs/fibre fabrics - fusible, ie interfacings - vilene/stitch and tear
 * Knitted**
 * weft knitted - hand stitches using needles ie plain and purl stitches
 * weft knitted - machine knitted using flatbed or circular machines. Single/double jersey/rib
 * warp knitted - machine knitted using straight or circular machines. For example polyester fleece fabrics, lick knit (terry), warp knit (velour), lace and net
 * Modern synthetic fibres**
 * microfibers
 * aramid (Kevlar ® )
 * polartec fleece (recycled bottles)
 * nanomaterials
 * integrated electronics, for example integrated conductive polymers, wearable electronics
 * biofabrics
 * cut up for patchwork and applique
 * cut up into strips to knit, crochet, weave, or braid
 * disassembly - reuse fabric and fastenings to make other clothes and textile products
 * charity shops-resale of clothes and textiles
 * felt from woolen jumpers
 * Processed back into fibers and turned into paper, yarn, insulation, carpet padding, and other items
 * strength
 * inflammability
 * warmth
 * elasticity (stretch)
 * crease resistant
 * water absorbency
 * durability
 * resistance to mildew (mould)
 * weight of fabric
 * warmth
 * water absorbency
 * shrinkage
 * durability
 * dyefastness
 * strength
 * elasticity
 * crease recovery
 * flammability

Test your knowledge by downloading this powerpoint: http://moodle.flintshire.gov.uk [] [] http://www.swanshurst.org/documents/none/24417_FBS_booklet[1].pdf @http://www.textbooksonline.tn.nic.in/books/11/stdxi-voc-textiles-em.pdf = = =**Components **=
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